The process of using a Galvanic current to force a water-based soluble solution into the skin:

The process of using a Galvanic current to force a water-based soluble solution into the skin:

• A. Microdermabrasion
• B. Chemical peels
• C. Light therapy
• D. Iontophoresis

Answer: (D)

The concept being tested is iontophoresis, where a direct electrical current moves a water-based, soluble solution into the skin. By applying a galvanic current, the charged ions in the solution are propelled into the epidermis and dermis through the electrical field. The electrode polarity helps push the ions deeper while drawing counter-ions away, increasing penetration of active ingredients. This approach relies on the solution containing ions and being water-based, so the electric current can carry them into the tissue. It’s different from microdermabrasion, which mechanically exfoliates the surface; chemical peels, which chemically dissolve bonds in the outer layers; and light therapy, which uses light energy for stimulation rather than transporting substances.

The concept being tested is iontophoresis, where a direct electrical current moves a water-based, soluble solution into the skin. By applying a galvanic current, the charged ions in the solution are propelled into the epidermis and dermis through the electrical field. The electrode polarity helps push the ions deeper while drawing counter-ions away, increasing penetration of active ingredients. This approach relies on the solution containing ions and being water-based, so the electric current can carry them into the tissue. It’s different from microdermabrasion, which mechanically exfoliates the surface; chemical peels, which chemically dissolve bonds in the outer layers; and light therapy, which uses light energy for stimulation rather than transporting substances.